ROMAN NAMES & MONASTERY LOCATIONS IN ENGLAND

FROM ROMAN TIME TO THE REFORMATION

Content


A part of the content of this file is reproduced in Roman - Modern Names

Roman=English Place Names

Roman name
=
 English name
Albus Flavus
=
 Humber River
Anderida Silva
=
 Forest of the Weald in Kent
Aquae Sulis
=
 Bath
Anderida / Anderitum
=
 Pevensey
Arbeia
=
 South Shields
Bannovalium
=
 Horncastle east of Lincoln
Belgae
=
 Wiltshire and the area from Bath to Wight
Bibroci Atrebatis
=
 Area from London towards Oxford and Cirencester
Boderia Aestuaria
=
 Firth of Forth
Branodunum
=
 Brancaster
Bremetennacum Veteranorum
=
 Ribchester north of Manchester
Brigantes
=
 Yorkshire area
Burrium
=
 Usk in South Wales
Caesaromagus
=
 Chelmsford
Calleva Atrebatum
=
 Silchester
Camulodunum
=
 Colchester
Cantii
=
 The area Deal between London and Canterbury
Carvetii
=
 Area around Carlisle
Cataractonium
=
 Catterick between York and Newcastle
Cattivellunni
=
 Area including Cambridgeshire
Causennae
=
 Ancaster by the Wash
Cilurnum
=
 Chesters in North England
Concangium
=
 Chester-le-Street
Corieltavi
=
 Equivalent to Coritani
Corinium Dobunnorum
=
 Cirencester
Coritani
=
 Area south of York with Lincoln and towards Birmingham
Corstospitum
=
 Corbridge by Hadrian's Wall
Cunetio
=
 Mildenhall south of Oxford
Damnonii
=
 Cornwall and Devon
Danum?
=
 Doncaster
Derventio
=
 Littlechester east of Birmingham
Derventio
=
 Malton north east of York
Deva
=
 Chester
Dictis
=
 Wearmouth
Dubris
=
 Dover
Durnovaria
=
 Dorchester
Durobrivae
=
 Rochester
Durobrivae
=
 Water Newton in the Fenlands
Duroliponte
=
 Cambridge
Durovernum Cantiacorum
=
 Canterbury
Durovigutum
=
 Godmanchester west of Cambridge
Eboracum
=
 York
Galava
=
 Ambleside
Garriannum
=
 Burgh Castle east of Norwich
Glevum
=
 Gloucester
Glota Flavus
=
 Clyde River
Hibernia
=
 Ireland
Iceni
=
 Norfolk
Isca Dumnoniorum
=
 Exeter
Isca Silurum
=
 Caerleon upon Usk in South Wales
Isca
=
 Caerleon by Cardiff
Issurium Brigantum
=
 Aldborough north of York
Isurium Brigantum
=
 Aldborough north of York
Ituna Aestuaria
=
 Solway Firth
Lactodurum
=
 Towcester
Letocetum
=
 Wall by Birmingham
Lindinis
=
 Ilchester in Devon
Lindum
=
 Lincoln
Londinium
=
 London
Longovicium
=
 Lanchester
Luguballum Caer Leul
=
 Carlisle
Luguvalium
=
 Carlisle
Magiovinium
=
 Dropshort north west of St Albans
Magnis
=
 Kenchester in South Wales west of Gloucester
Manavia
=
 Isle of Man
Mancunium / Mamucium
=
 Manchester
Manduessedum
=
 Mancetter south of Birmingham
Margidunum
=
 Castlehill north of Leicester
Metaris Aestuaria
=
 The Wash
Mona
=
 Anglesey (boath Isle of Man and Mona are called Anglesey)
Mona
=
 Isle of Man - see also Manavia
Monkchester (eng.)
=
 Newcastle [Knowles - Monastic p.167]
Moricambe Aestuaria
=
 Morecambe Bay
Moridunum
=
 Carmarthen in South Wales
Navio
=
 Brough on Noe in Derbyshire
Noviomagus Regnensium
=
 Chichester
Oceanus Britannicus
=
 Channel
Oceanus Germanicus
=
 North Sea
Oceanus Hibernicus
=
 Irish Sea
Oceanus Vergivius
=
 Saint George Channel and Celtic Sea between Wales / Cornwall and Ireland
Ordovices
=
 Area in Wales from Snowdown towards south east
Parisi
=
 Area around Middlesborough
Pennocrucum
=
 Water Eaton by Birmingham
Petuaria
=
 Brough on Humber
Pons Aelius
=
 Newcastle, earlier also = Monkchester (Knowles p.167)
Portus Dubrae
=
 Dover
Portus Lemanis
=
 Lymne / Lympne south west of Dover
Portus Magnus
=
 Porchester
Ratae Corieltavorum
=
 Leicester
Reculbium / Regulbium
=
 Reculver at the coast north of Canterbury
Rutupice / Rutupiae
=
 Richborough by Margate
Salinae
=
 Droitwch north of Stratford
Salinae
=
 Middlewich east of Chester
Scoti
=
 Northern Ireland (shown on the north east point)
Segedunum
=
 Wallsend
Segontium
=
 Caernarvon North Wales
Sexta
=
 York
Silurres
=
 Wales - the southerly mountains towards the Severn.
Tina Flavus
=
 Tyne River
Trinovantes
=
 Suffolk
Tripontium
=
 Caves Inn
Uxacona
=
 Red Hill south of Birmingham
Vectis Insulae
=
 Isle of Wight
Venta Belgarum
=
 Winchester
Venta Icenorum
=
 Caistor in Norfolk, nearby Norwich
Venta Silurum
=
 Caerwent in South Wales near the eastuary of the Severn
Venta
=
 Caerwent by Severn near Tintern
Verlucio
=
 Sandy Lodge south east of Bath
Verulamium
=
 Saint Albans
Vindolanda
=
 Chesterholm
Viriconium Cornoviorum
=
 Wroxeter

Great Roads with English names used for centuries

Road name Route or from / to destination
Akeman Street Road between Cirencester in the east to about St. Albans
Ermine Street Road between Edingburgh over Hadrian's Wall to York
    and Lincoln ending in London
Fosse Way Road between Lincoln and, going south west, to Cirencester
Icknield Way Road from Norwich towards south west via Cambridge, north of St Albans to Bath
Irmin Street Equal to Ermine Street
Stone Street Road from Cardiff going north to Wroxeter
Watling Street Road from Canterbury over London towards north west to Wroxeter, where it turns south on the border of Wales and merges with Stone Street and ending in Cardiff

Roman Provinces in England

Period Area(s) ruled or controlled by the Romans & its capital
First century under Claudius Britannia = Southern England up to Manchester east to Humber,
     but not Norfolk, Cornwall and Wales.
     Capital in Colchester.
Second century All England and Wales to Edinburgh.
     Capital in London.
Third century Britannia Inferior = North England. Capital in York.
Britannia Superior = the rest of England. Capital in London.
Fourth century, first part Britannia Secunda = York area. Capital in York.
Britannia = Wales and SW England. Capital in Cirencester.
Flavia Caesariensis = Lincolnshire and Norfolk northernmost part.
     Capital in Lincoln.
Maxima Caesariensis = SE England and Bedfordsh., Cambridgesh.,
     Suffolk and Kent. Capital in London.

Short list of religious orders in England

No. Order Remarks
I Benedictine Monks under the rule of St Benedict of Monte Cassino
  A Cluniacs An offshot under abbot Odo of Cluny
  B Cistercian An offshot under Stephen Harding at Citeaux
  C Carthusian An offshot under St Bruno at La Chartreuse
II Augustinian Secular priests or canons under the order of St Augustin of Hippo
Augustinian friars as mendicants - in some cases.
  A Premonstratensian White canons under St Norbert at Premontre
  B Gilbertine Mixed house undet St Gilbert of Sempringham
III Friars From 13th century
  A Dominican Black friars, Chelmsford from 1221
  B Franciscan Grey friars, Colchester from 1224
  C Carmelite White friars, Maldon from 1240
  D Crossed friar or Crouched friar, Colchester
IV Military orders  
  A Knight Hospitaller Founded 1092
  B Knights Templars Founded 1118 (tradition for round churches as Maplestead)

English Monasteries and Priories

Abbreviations used in the table:
A= Augustin, AP= Alien Priory, B= Benedictine, C= Cistercian, Car= Carthusian,
Cl= Cluniac, F= Friars' church, fr friars, G= Gilbertine, H= Hospital,
N= Nuns church, P= Premonstratensian

Name Location Order From Remains
Abbotsbury Abbey Dorset B   Ruins of a barn and a chapel
Abingdon Abbey Berkshire B   Ruins of buildings
Amesbury Priory Wiltsh. BN   Whole church except W nave
Arundel Priory Sussex AP   Church exists
Atherstone Warwick A fr.   Chancel and central tower
Austin Friars London F/A?   Nave in use, rebuilt after WW2
Basingwerk Abbey Wales C   Ruins
Bath Abbey Bath, Somerset B   Church exists
Battle Abbey Sussex B   Buildings used. Gateway
Bayham Priory Sussex P   Ruins
Beaulieu Abbey Hampshire C   Ruins. The refectory is now a church
Beeleigh Abbey Suffolk P 1170 Founder: Robert Mantell
Binham Priory Norfolk B   Nave in use, but aisles scrapped
Birkenhead Priory Cheshire B   Ruins. Chapterhouse is a chapel
Blackmoor Priory Essex A   Nave
Blanchland Abbey Northumb. P   Nave and N transept in use, gateway, N tower - mostly rebuilt
Blyth Abbey Nottingh. B   Nave in use
Blyth Priory Nottingh. B   Most of nave and NW tower - may be the same as the Blyth Abbey??
Bolton Priory Yorksh. A   Nave in use. Choir ruined
Bourn Priory =
Bourne Priory 		Lincolnsh. A   Nave and SW tower in use
Boxgrove Priory Sussex B   Choir and central tower in use
Brecon Priory Wales B   Cathedral
Breedon Priory Leicester A   Chancel and center tower
Bridlington Priory Yorksh. A   Nave in use. Gateway
Brinkburn Priory Northumb. A   Church exists - except SW corner
Bristol Cathedral
Bristol St James's Priory 		Bristol A
B 		  Choir, transepts and chapter house exists
Nave, but altered
Broomfield Priory Shropsh. B   Nave and NW tower
Buildwas Abbey Shropsh. C   Ruins
Bungay Priory Suffolk BN   Nave exists
Bury St Edmund Bury B   Ruins. Gateway
Byland Abbey Yorksh. C   Ruins
Calder Abbey Cumberland C   Ruins
Canons Ashby Priory Northampt. A   W tower and part of nave
Canterbury Cathedral Canterbury B   Building remains
Carlisle Cathedral Carlisle A   Refectory remains
Cartmel Priory Lancash. A   Church and a gateway exist
Castle Acre Norfolk Cl   Ruins
Charterhouse London Car   Ruins
Chepstow Priory Monmouth B   Nave in use
Chester Cathedral Chester B   Original buildings exists
Chetwode Priory Buckingham A   Chancel, but rebuilt
Chichester St Mary Chichester H   Hospital exists
Chirbury Priory Shropsh. A   Nave and W tower
Christchurch Priory Hampshire A   Church exists
Cleeve Abbey Somerset C   Ruins
Cockersand Abbey Lancash. P   Chapterhouse exists
Colchester Priory Colchester A 1110 Ruins. St Botolphs, earliest in England
Conishead Priory Cumbria BN   Most of nave, tower
Coverham Abbey Yorksh. P   Ruins
Cranborne Priory Dorset B   Whole church
Crowland Abbey Lincolnsh. B   Ruins. Part of nave, N aisle, exists as a church
Croxden Abbey Stafford C   Ruins
Davington Priory Kent BN   Nave and SW tower
Deerhurst Priory Gloucesters. B   Nave and W tower exists
Deping St James Pr. Lincolnsh. B   Nave exists
Dorchester Priory/Abbey Oxfordsh. A   Church exists
Dore Abbey —> Abbey Dore Herefords. C   Chancel, transept and tower exist
Dover Priory Dover B   Some buildings are part of school
Dunstable Priory Bedfordshire A   Nave in use, NW tower exists
Dunster Priory Somerset B   Whole church exists
Durham Cathedral Durham B   Monastic buildings and church exist
Earls Colne Priory Suffolk B 1105 Founder: De Veres
Easby Abbey Yorksh. P   Ruins
Edington Wiltsh. AP   Inmates: Bonhommes. Church exists
Egglestone Abbey Yorksh. P   Ruins
Elstow Abbey Bedfordsh. ?   ?
Ely Cathedral Ely B   Cathedral and part of monastery exist
Evesham Abbey Worcester B   Ruins, a tower is standing
Ewelme Hospital Oxfordsh. H   Still complete
Ewenny Priory Wales B   Church exists
Fairwell —> Farewell Priory Stafford BN   Chancel exists
Finchale Priory Durham B   Ruins
Forde Abbey Dorset C   Buildings exist, private
Fountain Abbey Yorksh. C   Ruins
Frieston Priory Lincolnsh. B   Nave in use, W tower
Furness Abbey Lancash. C   Ruins; English Heritage
Glastonbury Glastonbury B   Ruins
Gloucester Cathedral Gloucester B   Monastic buildings exist
Great Bricett Priory Suffolk A   Nave
Great Malvern Priory Worcester B   Whole church, except S transept
Guisborough Priory Yorksh. A   Ruins
Hailes Abbey Gloucesters. C   Ruins
Hatfield Broad Oak Priory Essex B   Chancel, which was the original nave; tower
Hatfield Peverel Priory Essex B   Nave
Haughmond Priory Shropsh. A   Ruins
Hexham Priory Northumb. A   Church exists with new nave
Heynings Priory Lincolnsh. CN   Transept is part of Knaith Church since 1630
Hinton Charterhouse Somerset Car   Ruins
Holme Cultram Abbey Cumberland C   Most of nave exists
Holy Trinity Priory York B   Nave in use
Hurley Priory Berkshire B   Nave
Jarrow Priory Durham B   chancel, which was the original nave; tower
Jervaulx Abbey Yorksh. C   Ruins
Kirkham Priory Yorksh. A   Ruins and a gateway
Kirkstall Abbey Yorksh. C   Ruins
Kirkstead Abbey Lincolnsh. C   Chapel by the gate exists
Lacock Priory Wiltsh. AN   Exists. Privately owned
Lanercost Priory Cumberland A   Nave, quire and some buildings exist; English Heritage
Lapley Priory Staffordsh. B   Nave, chancel and central tower
Lastingham Yorksh. B   Crypt exists
Leominster Herefords. B   Nave in use; W tower
Letheringham Priory Suffolk A   Nave and W tower
Lilleshall Priory Shropsh. A   Ruins
Lindisfarne Priory Northumb. B   Ruins
Little Coggeshall Abbey Essex C   Chapel by the gate
Little Horkesley Priory Suffolk Cl   Founder: Robert Godebold
Little Malvern Priory Worcester B   Part of church, chancel and crossing tower, exists
Llanthony Priory Monmouth A   Ruins
Malmesbury Abbey Wiltsh. B   Most of nave and S porch in use
Malton Priory =
Old Malton Church 		Yorksh. G   Part of nave in use; SW tower
Malvern Priory Worcester B   Church and a gateway exist
Margam Abbey Wales C   Nave in use
Maxstoke Priory Warwick A   Tower and a gateway exist
Medehamstede - by Peterborough ?   Founded by king Peada of Mercia about 655, first abbot wa the monk Saxulf.
The present buildings are from 1118 ??
Merevale Abbey Warwick C   Chapel by the gate in use
Milton Abbas Abbey Dorset B   Choir and transepts exist
Monk Bretton Abbey Yorksh. B   Ruins
Monk Sherborne =
Pamber Priory 		Hampsh. B   Crossing tower and chancel
Mount Grace Yorksh. Car   Ruins
Much Wenlock Priory Shropsh. Cl   Ruins
Muchelney Abbey Somerset B   Ruins
Neath Abbey Wales C   Ruins
Netley Abbey Hampshire C   Ruins
New Shoreham Sussex AP   Choir is used as a church
Newminster Abbey Northumb. C   Ruins
Newstead Priory Nottingh. A   Privately owned buildings exist
Norton Priory Cheshire A   Ruins
Norwich Cathedral Norwich B   Ruins
Norwich Dom. Church Norwich F   Dominican Order. Buildings exist
Nun Monkton Yorksh. BN   Nave in use
Owston Priory Leicestersh. A   Chancel, tower and chapel exist
Oxford cathedral Oxford A   Cloisters and chapterhouse exist
Pershore Abbey Worcester B   Choir, central tower (lantern) and S transept exist
Peterborough Cath. Peterbor. B   Church exists
Pilton Priory Devon B   Whole church
Polesworth Abbey Warwick BN   Nave and N tower
Porchester Priory Hampshire A   Church exists
Portsmouth Priory Portsmouth A   Chancel and transepts exist
Reading Abbey 1.
Reading 2. Franciscans 		Reading B
F 		  Ruins
Nave exists, transept rebuilt
Richmond Friary Yorksh. F   Tower exists
Rievaulx Abbey Yorksh. C   Ruins
Roche Abbey Yorksh. C   Transepts exists
Rochester Cathedral Rochester B   -
Romsey Abbey Hampshire BN   Church exists
St Albans Cathedral St Albans B   Cathedral exists, no traces of the monastery
St Augustines Canterbury B   Gateway exists
St Bartholemew's Priory
Smithfield 		London A   Choir with crossing exists
St Bees Priory Cumberland B   Nave and choir exist
St Cross Hampshire H   Hospital exists
St Germans Priory Cornwall A   Nave in use; W towers exist
St Helen's Priory,
Bishopgate 		London BN   Whole church
St John's Abbey Colchester B 1096 Founder: Eudo Dapifer
St Michael's Mount Cornwall B   Parts exist
St Nicholas Priory Exeter B   Part of Buildings exists
St Osyths Priory Essex A   Privately owned. Founder: Richard de Belmeis, bishop of London
Sawley Abbey Yorksh. C   Ruins
Seaton Nunnery Cumbria ?   ?
Selby Abbey Yorksh. B   Church exists
Sempringham Abbey Lincolnsh. G   Nave and central tower
Shap Abbey Westmore P   Ruins and a tower; English Heritage
Sheppey Minster
Minster-in-Sheppey Abbey 		Kent BN   Nave and part of chancel
Sherborne Abbey Dorset B  998 Church exists; originally seat of the W Wessex bishop. Ca. 1120 the see moved to Sarum. Church rebuilt several times following Anglo-Saxon customs; fine fan vaults. School occupies cloisters, refectorium, dorm., chapel etc. Much altered and rebuilt.
Shrewsbury Abbey Shropsh. B   Nave in use
South Kyme Priory Lincolnsh. A   SW corner only
Southwark Cathedral London A   Original parts exist
Stanley St. Leonard's =
Leonard Stanley Priory 		Gloucester A —> B   Whole church
Stogursey Priory Somerset B   Whole church
Strata Florid Abbey Wales C   Ruins
Swine Priory Yorksh. CN   Choir exists
Tewkwsbury Abbey Tewkesbury. B   Church exists
Thorney Abbey Cam B   Part of nave in use
Thornton Priory Lincolnsh. A   Ruins and a gateway
Thurgarton Priory Nottingh. A   Part of nave exists
Tilty Abbey Essex C   Chapel by the gate
Tintern Abbey Monmouth C   Ruins
Tiptree Priory Suffolk A 1150c Founder: Tregoz family
Torre Abbey Devon P   Parts exist
Tutbury Priory Stafford B   Nave in use
Tynemouth Priory Northumb. B   Ruins
Upholland Priory Lancash. B   Choir exists - now as nave
Usk Priory Monmouth B   Nave in use
Valle Crucis Abbey Wales C   Ruins
Walsingham Priory Norfolk A   Ruins
Waltham Priory Essex A   Nave and gatehouse exist
Watton Priory Yorksh. G   Ruins and the prior's lodging
Waverley Abbey Surrey C   Ruins
Westminster Abbey London B   Monastic buildings exist
Wetheral Priory Cumbria ?   ?; English Heritage
Whalley Abbey Lancash. C   Ruins and a gatehouses
Whitby Abbey Yorksh. B   Ruins
Wigmore Priory Hamps. A   Gateway exists
Wimborne Convent - -   Convent, abbess Cwenburh c. 700-750;
Winchester Cathedral Winchester B   Cathedral original, monastery is gone
Wix Nunnery Suffolk BN   Founder: Mascherell family
Woodspring Priory Somerset A   Part of church exists
Worcester Cayhedral Worcester B   Monastic buildings exist
Worksop Priory Nottingh. A   Nave, W tower, Lady Chapel and a gateway exist
Wroxall Priory Warwick B   N aisle of nave exists
Wymondham Abbey Norfolk B   Nave in use
York St Mary Abbey
York Holy Trinity, Micklegate 		York B
B 		  Ruins
Nave and NW tower
 

Archbishops of Canterbury from Saint Augustine to Thomas Cranmer

No. Year
consecr.		 Year
ended 		Name
01 597 604 St. Augustine
02 604 619 St. Laurence
03 619 624 St. Mellitus
04 624 627 St. Justus
05 627 653 St. Honorius
06 655 664 St. Deusdedit
07 668 690 St. Theodore
08 693 731 St. Berthwald
09 731 734 St. Tatwin
10 735 740 Nothelm
11 741 758 Cuthbert
12 759 765 Bregwin
13 766 790 Jaenberht
14 793 805 Ethelhard
15 805 832 Wulfred
16 832 832 Feologild
17 833 870 Ceolnoth
18 890 914 Plegmund
19 914 923 Athelm
20 923 942 Wulfhelm
21 942 958 St. Odo
22 959 959 Alfsin
23 960 988 St. Dunstan
24 988 989 Ethelgard
25 990 994 Sigeric
26 995 1005 Elfric
27 1005 1012 St. Ælphege
28 1013 1020 Living
29 1020 1038 St. Ethelnoth
30 1038 1050 St. Eadsi
31 1051 1052 Robert
32 1052 1070 Stigand
33 1070 1089 Lanfranc
34 1093 1109 St. Anselm
35 1114 1122 Ralph d'Escures
36 1123 1136 William de Corbeuil
37 1139 1161 Theobald
38 1162 1170 St. Thomas Becket
39 1174 1184 Richard
40 1185 1190 Baldwin
41 1193 1205 Hubert Walter
42 1207 1228 Stephen Langton
43 1229 1231 Richard Grant
44 1234 1240 St. Edmund Rich
45 1245 1270 Boniface of Savoy
46 1273 1279 Robert Kilwardby
47 1279 1292 John Peckham
48 1294 1313 Robert Winchelsey
49 1313 1327 Walter Reynolds
50 1328 1333 Simon Meopham
51 1333 1348 John Stratford
52 1349 1349 Thomas Bradwardine
53 1349 1366 Simon Islip
54 1366 1368 Simon Langham
55 1368 1374 William Whittlesey
56 1375 1381 Simon Sudbury
57 1381 1396 William Courtenay
58 1396 1414 Thomas Arundel
59 1414 1443 Henry Chicheley
60 1443 1452 John Stafford
61 1452 1454 John Kemp
62 1454 1486 Thomas Bourchier
63 1486 1500 John Morton
64 1502 1503 Henry Dean
65 1503 1532 William Warham
66 1533 1556 Thomas Cranmer
67 1556 1558 Reginald Pole
Jørgen Marcussen

For the topic »Religious Orders« and ecclasiastical history all text except this table section is in the Danish language.
Læs det første afsnit om den engelske kirke og det andet afsnit her - eller læs om den middelalderlige europæiske kirker for henholdsvis  Germania og Frankerrigerne samt for Danmark og Norden.

Revised 16.december 2005. Retur til  toppen af siden.
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