| No. |
Ruling time |
Name - Remarks on rank, area and family partners are underlined | |
|
Aegidius and Syagrius; The Roman Aegidius became chief of the Roman Gaul in 455 and was an ally of Childeric, and the weakened Roman state could not prevent a certain independence in the area covering the land between Somme and Loire. Together with Childeric - and a 12,000 refugee soldiers from Britain Aegidius defeated the Huns near Troyes (150 km south of Paris at the Seine) in 451. Aegidius died in 464. After a short term when a nobleman by the name Paulus was in charge, Aegidius' son Syagrius ruled the area. However, in 486 he was defeated by the Franks under Clovis I and thereby ending Roman rule, and members of the Merovingian line became kings of the area. [Lasko p.33] | |||
| 800 | 458-481 |
Childeric I; † 481 or 482; a Salian king of the Franconian area around Tournai in today's Belgium. Capital in Doornick = Tournay; ‡ Tournai. His rich burial was discovered in 1653. Unfortunaely, the contents of the grave were later stolen from the Imperial Art Gallery in Paris (1831). [Lasko p.25] Basina of Thüringia: Children : 1. Clodvig = Clovis (801); 2. Audofleda (801a); | |
| 801 | 481-511 |
Clodvig = Klodevig = Clovis I Chlodwig I; s(800); * c.466; † 27/11 511; King of Soisson; King of the Franks 481 or 482 to 511; Christened in Rheims after battle of Zylpich 496 which brought him the support of the Gallo-Roman population against Germanic tribes; [Lasko p.33, 10106 p.14] Roman Patricius and sole ruler of Franconia from 508; Clotilda of Burgundy, † 535, later canonized; m c.493; d Chilperic II of Burgundy; children : 1. Chlodomir; (803); 2. Childebert; (804); 3. Chlotar; (805); 4. Chrotilda = Chlotilde; m King Amaleric († 531) of the Visigoths, a son of Alarich II († 507); Unknown mother: Child : 5. Theodoric I; (802); | |
| 801A | 511-534 |
Audofleda d(800); King of Austrasia from 511; Theodoric the Great = Theodorich II den Store = Dietrich of Bern, king of the Ostrogoths, * 471, ruled 493-526: children : 1. Arevagni; m King Alaric II of the Visigoths; 2. Amalaswintha = Amalasuntha; m Eutharic, regent 526-534; † 535; | |
| 802 | 511-534 |
Theodoric I = Theuderich I; s (801). † Theodoric I died late 533 or early 534; As the most experienced son he got the most threatened part of Franconia with Rheims and / or Metz as Capital. King of Austrasia; Theodoric's halfbrothers were: Chlodomir who got Orleans, Childebert who got Paris and Chlotar who got Soissons. Suavegotha = Arges; d Sigismund = Sigmund of Burgundy; child : 1. Theodebert I; (806); Spelling variant for Theodoric are Theuderic, Thierry, Theoderich, Teodorico, Theodoricus. | |
| 803 | 511-524 |
Chlodomir = Chlodomer; s (801). † 524; King of Orléans. After his death his children were murdered by their uncle Chlotar. King of Burgundy; Guntheuca; children : 1. Theobald; † 532, murdered; 2. Gontier; † 532, murdered; 3. Chlodvig; died in a convent; | |
| 804 | 511-558 |
Childebert I; s (801). † 23/12 558; King of Paris. | |
| 805 |
Neustria: 511-558 Franconia: 558-561 |
Chlotar I = Lothar I = Chlotochar I; s (801); † Nov-Dec. 561; He ruled the Soissons area from 511 to 558. After brother Chlodomir's death, he murdered his nephews and shared the kingdom with his other brothers. He became sole ruler over the whole of Franconia from 23/12 558 after his brother Childebert (804) had died, and Theodoric's only grandson had died in 555; A civil war brok out after Clotar's death; Chlotar I had at least six wives. The mother / mothers of the below mentioned children are not specified. Guntheuca; the widow of his brother Arnegunde; * between 520 and 525; according to [Lasko p.56] a sister to Clotar's first wife, Ingunde; child : 1. Chilperc I; (811); * 539; Ingundus; according to another source, she was sister to Radegunda; Radegunda = Aregonde = Irgonde a Thüringian princess. children : 2. Charibert I; (808); 3. Guntram = Gontram; (809); 4. Sigebert; (810); 5. Chram = Chramnus; and his whole family were murdered by his own father by arsonry in 560. 6. Gundobald; was elected king of Neustrasia in 584 and murdered 585; Spelling variants of Chlotar: Lothair, Lothar, Clotaire, Lothaire. | |
| 806 | 534-548 |
Theodebert I = Theudebert I; s (802). † 548; Ruled Austrasia = the northernmost part of Franconia, ca. Aachen - Regensburg - Basle. Wisagarde; d King Wacho of the Longobards; child : 1. Theodebald; (807); | |
| 807 | 548-555 |
Theodebald = Theudebald; s (806); † 553 or Nov-Dec. 555; Ruled after father over Austrasia from 548; Waldrade, d King Wacho of the Longobards;. She remarried Duke Garibald I of Bavaria and they got Theodelinde, who married the Longobard Duke Autharis, who died 590, and she remarried Agilulf who through her reginal power became King of the Longobards; he died 625. | |
| 808 | 561-567 |
Charibert I; s (805); † Winter 567 or 568; Ruled after father over Neustria - the area around Paris; King of Paris; child : 1. Bertha; m Ethelbert of England, 560-616; | |
| 809 | 561-592 |
Guntram; s (805); † 28/03 592 or 593; King of Burgundy with Lyons as administrative centre. Later he also ruled Orleans; | |
| 810 | 561-575 |
Sigebert I = Sigibert I; s (805); † before 8/12 575, murdered; Sigebert ruled Metz, ca. Trier - Verdun - Strassbourg; King of Austrasia from 561, capital in Rheims; Brunhild = Brunichildis; * 533; † m 566; executed 613; after a three days torture she was tied to a horse by her hair, an arm and one leg and thus draged along until she died; d King Athanagild of the Visigoths; children : 1. Childebert II; (812); 2. Ingunde; m Duke Hermenegild of the Visigoths, † 584 or 585; they got: a) Athanagild; | |
| 811 | 561-584 |
Chilperic I = Kilperik I = Chilperich I; s(805); * 538; † 584, murdered; King of Neustria. Ruled Soissons and a small area north of Paris towards the Flanders. He was assassinated Autumn 584. Audovere; m(1); deposed of; † murdered 580 or 597; children : 1. Theodoric; † 583; 2. Clotaire II; (813); 3. Samson; 4. Ridegunde; nethrothed to Recared I; 5. Chlodewig: died before father; 6. Dagobert; 7. Mérovée = Mervig = Merovæus; died before father; m Brunehilde, widow after (810); 8. Unnamed; Galswinthe = Galsuintha; m(2); † 567; d King Athanagild of the Visigoths; sister to Brunhild, wife of (810); No children; Fredegund; † 597; m(3) former his mistress [Lasko p.64]; May be the mother to children no. 2, 4 and 7; | |
| 812 |
Austrasia: 575-595 Burgundy: 593-595 |
Childebert II; s(810); * 570; † 596; Ruled after father from 25/12 575 - King of Austrasia from 575; King of Burgundy from 593; children : 1. Theodebert II; (814) 2. Theodoric II (815); | |
| 813 |
Neustria: 584-613 Franconia: 613-628 |
Chlotar II = Lothar II = Chlotocar II; s (811); † 18/10 628 or 629; At father death he was just newborn. He ruled over Neustria, Soissons, from Autumn 584 and became sole king from 613 to 628 after Theodoric II's death; Chlotar II ruled over all three provinces of Franconia. However, he did not attampt to unite the areas, but maintained separate administrations for each. The Mayor Domus for Neustria was Landerich, for Austrasia Racho and for Burgundy Warnackar; Bertrude; children : 1. Dagobert I; (816); 2. Charibert II; (817); | |
| 814 |
595-612 or 596-613 |
Theodebert II = Theudebert II; s(812); * 586; † after May 612, murdered by brother; King of Austrasia from 596; Bilichildis who was murdered by her husband; Theudichildis; children : 1. Guntram; 2. Merovæus; 3. Chlotar; they were all murdered with their father 612; | |
| 815 | 595-613 |
Theodoric II = Theuderich II; s(812); * 586 or 587; † after 23/08 613; King of Burgundy from 596; King of Austrasia from 612; Ermenberga; of Visigothic kin; child : 1. Sigebert; † 613 murdered; by some numbered as Sigebert II; | |
| 816 |
623-639 Sole king 632-639 |
Dagobert I; s (813); * 604; † 19/01 638 or 639; Father installed him as Austrasian king from 622 or 623; King of Neustria from 632 to 639 and also registered as: King of the Franks from 629; Dagobert I ruled after father as sole king from Autumn 629. His Mayor Domus was Pipin of Landen, (894); Ragnetrude; child : 1. Sigebert II; (818); Nantechilde; m(2); child : 2. Clovis II; (819); | |
| 817 | 629-632 |
Charibert II; s (813); † before 08/04 632, maybe already in 630; Co-ruler and Duke of Aquitania in SW France, capital in Toulouse; children : 1. Chilperich, Duke of Aquitania from 631; 2. Charibert, Duke of Aquitania from 631; The children of those two dukes were all murdered or executed by relatives. | |
| 818 | 629-656 |
Sigebert II = Sigibert III; s (816); * 628; † 1/2 655 or 656; Sigebert II was king of Austrasia from 632; In one of the Chronologies a Sigebert II, son of (815), is noted as king after 23/8 613. If he is included, this Sigebert, 634-656, becomes No. three: Sigebert III. Himmichildis; children : 1. Dagobert II; (820); 2. Bilichild; m Childeric II (822); 3. Childebert he was probably adopted from Pippin line; | |
| 819 |
638-656 or 639-656 |
Clovis II = Chlodwig II = Klodevig II; s (816); * 635; † Autumn 656 or 657; Clovis ruled from 20/01 639 over Neustria and Burgundy; King of Austrasia from 655; He is also called Clovis I, maybe only in one of his kingdoms. Bathilda = Balthildis from England; she withdrew to a convent ca. 665. children : 1. Chlotar III; (821); 2. Childeric II; (822); 3. Theodoric III; (823); | |
| 820 |
656-661 + 676-679 |
Dagobert II; s (818); † 23/12 678 or 679 or 680; He was inmate of a kind in a monastery in Ireland to 655; Dagobert II ruled Austrasia in two periods. First from 02/02 656 until he was deposed in 660 - 661. The second period was from 676 to 679 when he ruled together with Theodoric III until his death. child : 1. Chlotar; King of Austrasia 717; † 719; | |
| 821 |
657-673 655-670 |
Chlotar III; s (819); * 652; † 670 or Spring 10-11/03 673; Chlotar III ruled after father over Neustria from Autumn 656 or 657; King of Burgundy from 656; King of the Franks 656-660 which comprises Burgundy, Neustria and Austrasia - according to Hodgkin [9725]; child : 1. Chlotar IV or Chlodwig; King from 673 but deposed again same year; also registered as: Clovis with a ruling period of 675-676, not as king; | |
| 822 |
660-673 or 661-675 |
Childeric II; s (819); † 673 or Autumn 675, murdered; Childeric II ruled Austrasia from 660 and from 673 as sole regent. King of the Franks from 660 or 670 to 673; In one of the Chronologies [9799] an adopted son is mentioned as king with the name Childebert, ruling from 660 to 662. Bilichild; d Sigibert II (818); child : 1. Chilperic II, also called Daniel; (827); | |
| 823 |
673-690 Sole king 679-690 |
Theodoric III = Theudderich III; s (819); † 690 or 691; Following statements on Theodoric's rule have been extracted from sources: Ruled after his brother Chlotar III, (821), over Neustria and Burgundy from 673. King of Austrasia from 687; King of the Franks from 673 to 691; He was deposed by his brother Childeric II. However, he got the throne back in 675, but was shortly after again deposed and Chlotar III's son, Clovis, took power, but was defeated a few years later. From then on Theodoric III ruled as sole Austrasian regent from 24/12 679, after having ruled together with Dagobert II from 676-679; children : 1. Clovis III; (824); 2. Childebert III; (825); 3. Chlotochar IV; (825a); | |
| 824 | 690-694 |
Clovis III = Chlodwig III = Klodevig III; s (823); * 681; 694 or 695; King of the Franks from 690 or 691 to 694 or 695; In some texts he is called Clovis IV. | |
| 825 | 694-711 |
Childebert III; s (823); † before 02/03 711; Childebert follows his older brother; King of the Franks from 694 or 695 to 711; child : 1. Dagobert III; (826); | |
| 825a | 717-719 |
Chlotochar IV = Chlotar IV; s (823); King of Austrasia from 717 to 719; The strong palace Mayor Domo, Charles Martel = Karl Martel, (899), got him on the throne in 715-716 in order to disclose plans of revolution from Chilperic II. | |
| 826 | 711-715 |
Dagobert III; s (825); † 715 or 716; King of the Franks from 02/03 711; child : 1. Theodoric IV; (829); | |
| 827 | 715-721 |
Chilperic II = Daniel; s (822); † 720 or 721; From childhood he was parked in a monastery; Chilperic II ruled Neustria; King of the Franks from 715 or 719 to 720 or 721; child : 1. Childeric III, (830); he was received in a monastery unto 742, and was king from 742 to 751 or 752, when he was deposed and returned to the church. He died 754. [CMH-I-856] uncertain if father was (827) or (829) | |
| 828 is vacant; | |||
| 829 | 721-737 |
Theodoric IV = Theuderich IV; s (826); † Spring 737; King of the Franks from 720 to 737; He was governed by the strong Karl Martel, (899), who became grandfather to Charlemagne; | |
| 830 | 743-751 |
Childeric III; s (827); † 754. He became king Feb-March 743 and was deposed December 751 by Pippin III, mayor of the palace (901). Sent into a monastery in 751; | |
The Early Arnulfing rulers: | |||
| 894 | - |
Pepin I of Landen = Pepin the Elder; * c.588; † 639 / 640; Mayor of the Palace; Mayor Domus for the whole of Franconia; Itta; * c.592; † 562; children: 1. Grimoald; (896); 2. Begga; (895); 3. Gertrude; * 626; † 17/3 659; abbess of Nivelles and known as Saint Gertrude; | |
| 895 | - |
Begga; d (894); † 692; Ansegis = Ansegisel = Anschisus; * c.605; † 638, murdered; Mayor Domus for Austrasia; son of St Arnulf, the bishop of Metz, * c.582; † c.641; the bishop's second s, St. Chloulf, 599-696, became bishop of Metz 656-699; they had a third brother, Martin; child : 1. Pepin II; (898); | |
| 896 | - |
Grimoald = Grimwald; s(894); † 656, executed; Mayor Domus of Austrasia 643-656; children : 1. Childebert; (897); 2. Wulfetrud; abbess of Nivelles; | |
| 897 | King 655 |
Childebert; s (896); † 656; Adopted by Sigibert III. His father tried to make him king after Sigibert III of Austrasia had died (818); According to the Fredegarius Chronicle continuation his son was Childebrand, whose son was Nibelung. | |
| 898 | 680-714 |
Pepin II of Heristal = Pepin of Herstel = Pippin of Heristal = Pippin der Mittlere; s (895); * c.631; † 714; Mayor Domus of the palace in Austrasia from 687, and later imposed his power over Neustria; The family was called the Pepinides or the Arnulfings after the alliance between Pepin I's daughter and Arnulf's son, Ansegis (895). Willibrord of Northumbria did missionary work in Friesland and with help from Pepin's wife, Plectrude, established the bishopric of Wiltaburg in 695 and founded the monastery of Echternach in 697. Plectrudia = Plectrude; m(1); d Duke Hugobert of Bavaria and Irmina; children : 1. Drogo, Mayor Domus of Burgundy, Dux in Champagne; † 708; he got a son, a) Hugo; 2. Grimoald II = Grimwald, Mayor Domus of Neustria; † 714 murdered; m Theudesinda; they got: a) Theudoald = Theudwald who became Mayor of Palace in Austria; 3. Bilitrude; m(1) Duke Theodebald of Bavaria, † 720; m(2) Grimoald of Bavaria, † 728, brother of first husband; they got: a) Svanehild and Odilo; Alpaide = Alpaida = Chalpaida; m(2) children : 4. Charles Martel; (899); 5. Hildebrand = Childebrand, who got a) Nebelongus = Nibelung, who got a-1) Theodebert, who got a-1-I) Robert the Brave 6. Hadeloga who became a nun; | |
| 899 |
714-741 or 719-741 |
Charles Martel = Karl Martel = Charles Martell; s (898); * c.688; † 22/10 741; Mayor Domus - Mayor of the Palace, Austrasia, from 714 or 719; and for the whole kingdom from 719 to 741; 732 Charles defeated the Arabs at Poitiers; Chrotrudis; m(1); † 725; children : 1. Carloman; (900); 2. Pepin the Short; (901); 3. Grifo Jerome?; † 753; may be the same as (899-4); Svanhilde = Sunnichild; m(2); children : 4. Grippon = Grifo, * c.726; † 751; may be the same as (899-3) 5. Hiltrude = Hiltrudis; m Duke Odico = Duke Otilo of Bavaria; they got: a) Duke Tassilo III of Bavaria, ruled 748-788; and m Liutperga; they got i) Theodo II, Duke of Bavaria 777-788; | |
| 900 | 741-747 |
Carloman; s (899); * c.711; † 755; Mayor Domus - Mayor of the Palace; abdicated 747; children : 1. Drogo; and other children; | |
| No. | Born | Ruled |
King's name and relations Queen's name is underlined |
| 901 | 714 |
Mayor 741-783 King 751-768 |
Pepin the Short = Pepin III = Pippin der Kurze; s (899); * 714 or 715; † 24/09 768 in Saint-Denis; See Germany (000); De facto ruler from 747 over the whole of Frankia; King of the Franks from 751 or 752, deposed King Childeric III (830); Anointed by Archbishop St. Boniface Nov 751 at Soissons; Crowned in Rheims by Pope Stephen II; Bertrada = Bertha mit dem grossen Fuss; m; † 783; d Count Caribert of Le Mans in Neustria; Also source stating her roots from landowners in Austrasia [10106 p.10]; children : 1. Charlemagne; (902); 2. Carloman; (901A); † 771; 3. Pepin, † as child; 4. Gisela, † 810; abbess of Chelles; |
| 901A | ? | 768-771 |
Carloman; s(901); † 771; Joint King of the Franks from 768; Gerberga; children : 1. sons who were consecrated for different ecclesiastic titles; |
| 902 | 742 | 800-814 |
Charles the Great = Charlemagne; s(901). * c. 2/4 742, † 28/1 814 at Aachen; ‡ 28/1 814 in the chapel octagon at a still unknown spot; Canonized 29/12 1165 by Archbishop Rainald von Dassel from Cologne and confirmed by the antipope Paschalis III; See Germany (001); King from 9/10 768; King of Lombardy June 774; Emperor from 800. Crowned in Rome Christmasday 800 by pope Leo III; Himiltrude, a Frank, m(1); child : 1. Pepin the Hunchback; * 777; † 810/811. King of Lombardy & Italy; Desideria, a Lombard princess, m(2); d Desiderius, divorced 771; Hildegard, a Swabian, * 759; m(3) 771; † 783; children : 2. Charles the Younger receives France and Germany = Saxony, † 811; 3. Adelheid died young; 4. Rohtrud = Rotrude = Hrotrud, * 772, † 839; m Count Rorgo; they got a) Louis, abbot of St. Denis 840-867; 5. Pepin = Pippin (Carloman) received Italy and Bavaria and became king of Italy from 781, * 777, † 810; an illegitimate son, Bernard, became King of Italy 813-817; † 817; founded line of Vermandois; 6. Louis I the Pious (903) received Aquitaine, survived his brothers and became Frankish Emperor, * 778, † 840. 7. Lothair, twin brother of (903), * & † 778; 8. Berthe = Bertha, † 814/826; m Angilbert, later abbot of St. Riquier; they got a) Nithard; 9. Gisela * 781; nun at Chelles; 10. Hildegard * and † 783. Fastrada, an East Frank, m(4); † 794. children : 11. Theoderada, Abbess of Argenteuil; 12. Hiltrude, Abbess of Farmoutier; Luitgard = Liutgard, a Swabian, m(5); † 800. [9673] Madelgarde; It is possible that Hildegard's m(3) children should be attributed to Madelgarde m(5); unknown mothers' children: 13. Drogo; Archbishop of Metz 823-855; [9830] 14. Hugo; Abbot of St. Quentin and St Bertain; † 844; |
| 903 | 778 | 814-840 |
Louis the Pious - Louis I the Pious - Lewis I the Pious - Louis of Aquitaine = Louis le Pieux = Louis le Débonnaire = Ludwig der Fromme; s(902). * 778; † 20/6 840; See Germany (002); King of Aquitania 15/4 781-; Co-emperor from 813; Emperor from 28/1 814 after Pepin and Charles had died. Louis reunited the three parts of the country. Irmengard of Hesbaye = Ermengarde; m(1); † 03/10 818; children : 1. Lothair; 2. Pepin = Pippin I = Pepin V, † 838; King of Aquitania 817-838; he got a) Pippin II; King of Aquitania 838-848; † post 864; 3. Louis I/II the German; King of East Franconia(Ger.005); Judith of Bavaria, sister of Emma; d count Welf; m(2); children : 4. Gisela (903a); 5. Charles II the Bald; (904); * 16/3 823; † 6/10 877. He became West Francian king from 843-877, and emperor from 875-877. He tried to take advantage of Lorraine when Louis the German died, but was defeated at the battle at Andernach in 876. 6. Hildegard; 7. Rotrud; |
| 903a | - | - |
Gisela; d(903); † 864; Eberhard of Friuli, Count of March and Friuli; † 864;: children : 1. Berengari I, King of Italy 888, Emperor 911/915 or 916 (in Italy, but without power), † 924; he got a-1) Gisela m Adalbert, Marquess of Ivrea, they got a-1-I) Berengar II, King of Italy 950-961; 2. Unrouch; 3. Adalhard; 4. Rudolf; 5. Heilwich; 6. Judith; 7. Gisela; [MedLib p.101] |
| 904 | 823 |
KING 840-877 EMPEROR 875-877 |
Karl den Skaldede - Charles the Bald = Charles the Chauve = Charles II; halfbrother to Louis the German. s(903); * 13/6 823; † 6/10 877; King of the West Francia 20/6 840; in 870 he shared Lothringia with Louis the German. Charles the Bald is reckoned the first French king, and is Charles II in both France and Germany. Emperor of the German Empire from 25/12 875, crowned in Rome by pope John VIII. Ermentrude; m(1); d Odo, Count of Orleans (909); † 869; children : 1. Judith; m(1) Æthelwulf, King of West Saxons (Engl.Old W019); m(2) Æthelbald, King of West Saxons (Engl.Old W020); m(3) Baldwin I, Count of Flanders, † 879; 2. Louis, (905); 3. Charles of Aquitaine; † 866; probably m widow of Count Humbert; 4. Carloman; † 874; 5. Lothar; † 865; Richardis = Richild; m(2); sister to Bosco of Provence, d Count Buwin † 910/914; |
| 905 | 846 |
EMPEROR 877-879 |
Ludvig II Stammeren - Louis II the Stammerer =Louis le Bègue s(904). * 846, † 10/4 879; King of Aquitania from 867; King of West Francia 6/10 877 to 879; Engelberge = Ansgarde; † 890; d Count Harduin; children : 1. Louis III; (906); 2. Carloman; (907); Adelaide; d Count Adalhard; children : 3. Charles III; (910); born after father had died; 4. Gisela; † before 884; m Count Robert of Troyes; |
| 906 | 863 | 879-882 |
Louis III; joint reign with (907); s(905); * 863; † 5/8 882; See Germany (009); Louis and his brother Carloman (907) made in 880 an agreement and partitioned the realm. Louis got Francia and Neustria. King from 10/4 879; |
| 907 | - | 879-884 |
Carloman = Karlmann; s 905; † 6/12 884 or 12/12 884; King in joint reign with (906) from 10/4 879; Sole ruler from 5/8 882; |
| 908 | 879 | 877-887 |
Charles the Fat = Charles le Gros; s Louis the German; * c.839; † 13/1 888; See Germany (010); King of Swabia; emperor 881-887 - see German kings. Deposed 887. He ruled briefly France, but are seldom counted amongst kings of France. |
| 909 | - | 887-898 |
Odo = Eudes; s Robert the Brave; † 01/01 898; Count of Paris; Count of Orleans; King from 13/01 888; child : 1. Ermentrude; m Charles II the Bald (904); |
| 910 | 879 | 898-922 |
Charles III/IV the Simple = Karl den Enfoldige = Charles le Simple; s 905; * 17/09 879; † 07/10 929, died in prison; King 28/1 893; crowned 28/01 893 in Rheims by archbishop Fulk; Sole king from 898 to 922; Deposed 922 and replaced by Robert I (911), whom Charles killed in battle 923. After the battle of Chartres in 911 the defeated Normans obtained an agreement with Charles and received the Normandy as fief against a promise of defending it in case of foreign attacks. Rollo became Duke of Normandy in 912. Frederuna; m(1) c. 907; child : 1. Gisela; m the Norman Duke Rollo; She may have been illegitimate; [10002 p.62] Eadgifu; m(2); d Edward the Elder of England (Engl.Old W024); children : 2. Louis IV; (913); |
| 911 | 865 | 922-923 |
Robert I; b Odo; * 865; † 15/06 923 battle at Soissons; Elected king in Rheims 29/06 922; Béatrice of Vermandois; d Count Herbert I of Vermandois; Children : 1. Adela; m Herbert II of Vermandois; they got d Liégard who m William I of Normandy 2. Hugo = Hugh the Great; * 898 c.; † 16/06 956; Duke of France and Count of Paris; m(1) 922 Judith, d Count Roger of Maine and Rothilde, daughter of Emperor Charles the Bald. † 925; no issue; m(2) 926 Eadhild, d King Edward the Elder of Anglo-Saxon; † 938; no issue; m(3) 938 c. Hedwig of Sachsen, d Heinrich der Vogelsteller; They got: a) Beatrice; m Duke Frederick I of Lorraine; b) Hugh Capet (001); * 939 c.; † 997; c) Emma; * 943 c.; † after 968; d) Otto, Duke of Burgundy; e) Odo-Henry = Henry I, Duke of Burgundy; * 942; † 1002; 3. Daughter; m (912); |
| 912 | ? | 923-936 |
Raoul = Rudolf of Burgund; son-in-law of Robert I; † 15/01 936; Elected king of France 13/07 923 and crowned in Soissons; Daughter of (911); |
| 913 | 921 | 936-954 |
Louis IV = Louis d'Outremer; s 910; * 921; † 10/09 954; King and crowned 19/06 936 at Laon by archbishop Artand of Rheims; Gerberga of Saxony, her second m, d Henry I of Germany; Children: 1. Lothair; (914); 2. Charles Duke of Lower Lotharingia from 975; † 992c; Charles got a s, Otto, Duke of Lower Lotharingia; † 1012; 3. Child; [10002 p.62]; 4. Child; [10002 p.62]; |
| 914 | 941 | 954-986 |
Lothair; s(913); * 941; † 02/03 986; King 12/11 954; Uncle Bruno was archbishop of Cologne; Emma; child : 1. Louis V; (915); With unknown mother Lothair got: Arnulf = Arnoul, Archbishop of Rheims, 988-991 and 999-1021; he was removed in 991 because of intriguing against king Hugh Capet, but reinstalled when Sylvester II became pope in 999. |
| 915 | - | 986-987 |
Louis V = Louis le Fainéant; s(914); * 967; † 21/05 987; King and crowned 08/06 979; last of the Carolingian rulers. Adelaide; widowed countess from Aquitaine; she left Louis on account of negligence and frivolity; |
| 930 | 1070 |
1086-1127 Aquitania |
William IX of Aquitania; joined the first Crusade. children : 1. Aenor; with the wife, Dangereuse, of viscount Châtellerault; |
| 931 | 1099 |
1127-1137 Aquitania |
William X of Aquitania; Aenor; d William IX (930); children : 1. Eleanor; *1122c; † 1204; m(1) Louis VII (006); 2. Petronilla; 3. William Aigret; The lines of the duchies are incomplete. |
| 001 | 938c | 0987-0996 |
Hugh Capet = Hugues Capet; * 938; † 14/10 996; s Duke Hugh the Great of France(911-2) and Hedwige of Saxony. gs Duke Robert I of France, who ruled 922-923, and was brother to Odo of France (909), who ruled 887-898. In between came Charles the Simple (910), ruled 898-922, and he was of Charlemagne's kin. Hugh Capet was the first of the Capetian kings of France; Elected king 3/7 987; crowned 5/7 987 at Noyon. Adelaide of Aquitaine; child : 1. Robert II; (002); |
| 002 | 970 | 0996-1031 |
Robert II the Pious = Robert le Pieux; s(001); * 970c; † 20/07 1031; King and crowned 25/12 987; co-ruler with Hugo Capet from 01/01 988; sole ruler 24/10 996; Bertha; near relation of Robert resulted in a ban that was lifted as Bertha was childless and repudiated in 1001; Constance of Arles; m 1003; children : 1. Hugh; † 1026c; 2. Henry I; (003); 3. Robert; received Burgundy 1032; Burgundy came into France from 1015, but was only a part of the country to 1032, when Henry I transferred it to his brother Robert. |
| 003 | 1008 | 1031-1060 |
Henry I = Henri I; s(002); * 1008; † 02/08 1060 or 29/08 1060; Anointed king in Rheims 1026; co-ruler from 14/05 1027, sole ruler from 20/07 1031; First marriage ???; Anne of Kiev; m(2); d Yaroslav I of Kiev; she remarried the Count of Valois; child : 1. Philip I; (004); Henry was a refugee at Duke Robert of Normandy from 1033 to 1043 during the civil war between Henry and his brother Robert. |
| 004 | 1052 | 1060-1108 |
Philip I; s(003); * 1052; † 29/07 or 30/07 1108; Crowned 1059 Rheims; during his remaining 6 years minority Count Baldwin of Flanders was his guardian. Co-ruler from 23/05 1059; sole ruler from 29/08 1060; Bertrada de Montfort; already m to a lower noble man; Bertha; children : 1. Louis VI; (005); 2. Constance; m the Norman Bohemund I of Antioch; 3. Cecilia; m the Norman Tancred Prince of Galilee; |
| 005 | 1081 | 1108-1137 |
Louis VI the Fat = Louis le Gros; s(004); * 1081; † 01/08 1137. Co-ruler from end of 1098; crowned 03/08 1108; Louis VI warred against England 1104-1113 and again 1116-1120; children : 1. Louis; (006); 2. Constance; m Count Eustace of Boulogne; |
| 005a | - | 1129-1131 |
Philipp; † 13/10 1131. Co-ruler from 14/04 1129; |
| 006 | 1119 / 1121 | 1137-1180 |
Louis VII = Louis the Younger = Louis le Jeune; s(005); * 1120 c.; † 18/09 1180; Co-ruler from 25/10 1131; sole ruler from 01/08 1137; Joined the 2nd Crusade 1147-1149; Eleanor of Aquitania; * 1122c, divorced 21/03 1152, † 1204; g William X of Aquitania; Eleanor m(2) Henry II of England; children : 1. Marie, countess of Champagne; * 1145; 2. Alice, * 1150; Constance of Castile; † 1160; m(2); 1154; child : 3. Margaret; * 1158; † 1197; m(1) 1172 Richard Lionheart † 1183; m(2) 1186 Bela III of Hungary; Alix of Champagne = Adela of Champagne; m(3) 1160; child : 4. ? Philip II Augustus (007); * 21/08 1165; † 14/07 1223; |
| 007 | 1165 | 1179-1223 |
Philip II Augustus; s(006); * 21/8 1165; † 14/07 1223; Anointed 01/11 1179; crowned 29/03 1180 at Rheims; ruled from 18/09 1180; Isabella of Hainaut; * 1170; † 1190; m(1) 28/04 1180; d Baldwin V of Hainault; child : 1. Louis VIII; (008); Ingeborg of Denmark; * 1175; † 1237 or 1238; ‡ Church of the Order of St. John in Corbeil; m(2); 14/8 1193; sister of Knud IV; The day after the wedding the king decided for private reasons to separate from the queen; he obtained an episcopal annulment 11/1193; and m(3). After papal intervention and some delays, the king accepted Ingeborg as from 1200 - in semicaptivity - and from 1213 as his queen: Agnes de Méran; m(3); 6/1196; d Bertold IV of Meran; † July 1201; children : 2. Marie, Countess of Namur in her m(1) 1211; and Duchess of Brabant in her m(2) 1213; 3. Philip Hurepel, Count of Clermont; The battle of Bouvines against emperor Otto allied to John Lackland is won by the French and is reckoned as the important step in the unison of France. Philip II was active in the third Crusade 1191 under and after which he had his controversies with Richard of England. In France the English kings now held Normandy, Brittany, Maine, Anjou, Touraine, Aquitaine; |
| 008 | 1187 | 1223-1226 |
Louis VIII = Louis the Lion Heart = Louis le Lion; s(007); * 05/09 1187; † 08/11 1226;. King from 14/07 1223; Blanche of Castile; † 1252; m 23/05 1200; d Alfonso VIII of Castile; cousin to her husband; children : 1. 2. 3. 1-2-3 first children died in infancy; 4. Louis IX; (009); 5. Isabella; † 1269; Abbess of Longchamps; 6. Robert; † 1250; Count of Artois; m Matilda of Brabant they got: a) Matilda; she got: i) Count Robert II; ii) Blanche who m(1) Henry I of Navarre and m(2) Earl Edmund of Lancaster; 7. Alfonso; † 1271; Count of Poitiers; m Joanna of Toulouse; 8. Charles; (008e); † 1285; Count of Anjou, King of Naples; 9. 10. 11. 3 more brothers and sisters; |
| 009 | 1214 | 1226-1270 |
Louis IX = Louis IX le Saint = Ludvig IX den Hellige; s(008); * 25/4 1214; † 25/8 1270; canonized 11/8 1297, feast day 25/8; King from 8/11 1226; his mother, Blanche of Castile, was his warden during his minority 1226 to 1234 and more or less his co-ruler to her death in 1252. He took part in the sixth crusade 1248-1250 and later in the seventh Crusade. He landed 18/7 1270 in Tunis where first his son, John Tristram, died. He also died in Tunis 25/8 1270; [9489 p.240ff] Margaret of Provence; m 29/5 1234 at Sens; d Raymond Berenguer IV; Children: 1. Louis; died 1260; 2. Philip III; (010); 3. John Tristram; † 1270; Count of Nevers; 4. Peter; † 1284; Count of Alencon; m 1272 Joanne of Chatillon † 1292, d count of Blois [9426p141]; 5. Isabella; † 1270; m King Tibald II of Navarre; 6. Robert; † 1318; Count of Clermont; m Beatrice of Bourbon, -1310; 7. Blanche; * 1253; † 1320 c.; m Ferdinand of La Cerda, Castile; two children: Alfonso & Ferdinand; 8. Margaret; † ?; m Duke John I of Brabant; 9. Agnes; † ?; m Duke Robert II of Burgundy; their d, Margaret, m King Louis X; 10. 11. and a further 2 children; |
| 010 | 1245 | 1270-1285 |
Philip III = Philip the Bold = Philipp III le Hardi; s(009); * 3/4 1245; † 5/10 or 6/10 1285; Ruled from 25/8 1270; anointed king 1271 in Rheims; Isabella of Aragon; m(1); † 1271; Children: 1. Philip IV; (011); * 1268; 2. Charles; (111); * 1270; † 1325; Count of Valois; Maria of Brabant, m(2) 1274; † 1322; children : 3. Louis; (010c); * 1276; † 1319; Count of Evreux; 4. Margaret; † 1317; m(1) Edward I of England as his 2nd wife; 5. Blanche; * 1278; † 19/03 1305; m 25/05 1300 Duke Rudolph III of Habsburg and King of Bohemia, -1307; |
| 010c | 1276 | - |
Louis of Evreux, Duke; s(010); * 1276; † 1319; Margaret of Conches children : 1. Count Philip of Evreux; * 1301; † 1343; m Joan of Navarre; Philip's child : Charles II of Navarre; * 1332; † 1387; King of Navarre 1349-1387; Charles II's child was Charles III of Navarre; * 1361; † 1425; King 1361-1425; |
| 011 | 1268 | 1285-1314 |
Philip IV the Fair = Filip IV den Smukke = Philipp IV le Bel s(010); * 1268; † 29/11 1314; King of France from 6/10 1285; King of Navarre 1284-1305 as Philip I; Joanna of Navarre; m 1284; † 4/4 1305; Queen of Navarre, joint rule with her husband. Through her he acquires Champagne and becomes king of Navarre. She had from the age of two been brought up in the royal household together with her later husband; Children: 1. Louis X; (012); * 1289; 2. Philip V; (014); * 1293;Count of Poitiers from 1311; 3. Charles IV; (015); * 1294; 4. Isabella; * 1298; † 1358; m Edward II of England; |
| 111 | 1270 | - |
Charles of Valois; s(010); * 1270; † 1325; Margaret of Sicily; m(1); † 1299; d Charles II of Naples; Children: 1. Philip VI; (016); † 1350; 2. Maria; † 1331; m Duke Charles of Calabria; Catherine of Courtenay; m(2); † 1308; Titular empress of Constantinople; Children: 3. Catherine; (111c) † 1346; Titular empress of Constantinople; m Prince Philip of Anjou and Taranto, -1331; Philip got all told 14 children; |
| 012 | 1289 | 1314-1316 |
Louis X the Stubborn = Louis le Hutin; s(011); * 4/10 1289; † 5/6 1316; King of France from 29/11 1314; King of Navarre 1305-1314 (from his mother's death). When he became king of France he gave the title of king of Navarre to his little brother, Philip (014); Margaret of Burgundy; m(1) 1305; d Duke Robert II of Burgundy; she was convicted of adultery and strangled in prison; † 1315; [EB has under Philip V that the infant d Joanna was left by her adulterous mother when the father died in 1316. - ??] Child: 1. Joanna = Joan; Queen of Navarre from 1328; * 1312; † 1349; Joan m Count Philip of Evreux (010c); After Joanna Charles II of Navarre became king from 1349 to 1387; Clementine of Hungary = Clémence of Hungary; m(2); d King Charles I of Hungary; Child: 2. John I; (013); * 1316; † 1316; |
| 013 | 1316 | 1316-1316 |
John I = John the Posthumus = Jean I le Posthume; s(012); * 15/11 1316; † 19/11 or 20/11 1316; John lived only six days; Uncle Philip V (014) held the regency until John died and then took the crown himself. King of Navarre 1316; |
| 014 | 1293c | 1316-1322 |
Philip V the Tall = Philip le Long; s(011); * 1293/94; † 3/1 1322; ‡ St. Denis; Anointed in Rheims 1/1317; King of Navarre from 1316 as Philip II; Regent for the unborn John I and after the baby's lifetime of five days, Philip V took the crown himself; Joan of Burgundy; * 1293; † 1329; m 1307; no children ; |
| 015 | 1294 | 1322-1328 |
Charles IV the Fair = Charles le Bel; s(011); * 1294; † 1/2 1328; King of France from 3/1 1322; King of Navarre from 1322 as Charles I of Navarre; Pope's candidat for the imperial crown of the Holy Roman Empire in 1324; Blanche of Burgundy; * 1296 c; † 1326; m(1) 1307; divorced; Marie of Luxemburg; † 1323 c.; m(2) 1322; d Emperor Heinrich VII = Markgraf Henri IV of Luxemburg (Br.027); Joan of Evreux; † 1371; m(3) 1325; child : 1. Blanche; * 1328; † 1392; m Philippe I of d'Orleans; |
| 016 | 1293 | 1328-1350 |
Philip VI the Bold = Philip of Valois = Philipp VI de Valois; s(111); gs(010); * 1293; † 22/8 1350 Nogent-le-Roi; ‡ St. Denis; Crowned in Rheims 27/5 1328; first king of the Capet Valois line; Joanna of Burgundy; † 1349; m July 1313; children: 1. John II; (017); 2. Philippe I d'Orleans; * 1336; † 1375; m Blanche (015-1); Blanche of Navarre; m 1349; No children; |
| 017 | 1319 | 1350-1364 |
John II = John the Good = Jean le Bon; s(016); * 26/4 1319; † 8/4 1364 in London; ‡ St. Denis; King of France from 22/8 1350; Captured in the battle of Poitiers 19/9 1356 in the 100 Years' War. Bona of Luxembourg = Bonne of Luxemburg Jutta; m(1) 28/7 1332; d King Jan of Bohemia or Brandb.028); children : 1. Charles V; (018); * 1338; 2. Joan of Valois; * ?; † 1387; given as offer to King Charles II the Bad of Navarre; 3. Louis I; * 1339; † 1384; Count of Anjou, titular king of Sicily/Naples; m Maria of Blois; 4. John; * 1340; † 1416; Duc de Berry; got a d who m Bernard d'Armagnac; 5. Philip II the Bold; * 1342; † 1404; Duke of Burgundy; Philip's son was John the Fearless = Jean sans Peur, 1371-1419; John's son was Philip III the Good, 1396-1467; Philip's son was Duke Charles the Bold of Burgundy, 1433-1477; Joan of Boulogne; * 1326; † 1361; m(2) 19/2 1350; Her first mariage was to Philip I of Burgundy = Philip of Rouvres; * 1345; † 1361; the last Capetian duke of Burgundy (1349–61) and count of Boulogne and Artois. He became duke when his g-father, Eudes IV, died. |
| 017A | 1342 | - |
Philip II the Bold; s(017-5); * 1342; † 1404; Duke of Burgundy; child : 1 John the Fearless = Jean sans Peur (017B); * 1371; † 1419; |
| 017B | 1371 | - |
John the Fearless = Jean sans Peur; s(017A-1); * 1371; † 1419; Duke of Burgundy; child : 1 Philip III the Good; * 1396; † 1467; m 1429 Isabella of Portugal; they got: a) Duke Charles the Bold of Burgundy, 1433-1477; |
| 018 | 1338 | 1364-1380 |
Charles V the Wise = Charles le Sage; s(017); * 21/1 1337/8; † 16/9 1380 at Vincennes; ‡ St. Denis; King of France from 8/4 1364; Charles bought the area called Dauphiné, SE in France; and was called dauphin until he became king; Jeanne de Bourbon; m 8/4 1350; children : 1. Charles VI; 019; * 1368; 2. Louis of Beaumont; Count of Valois, Duke of Orleans; * 1372; † 1407, murdered; m Valentina Visconti; they got: a) Louis got three sons, one was Charles of Orleans, the Poet; † 1465; b) Charles, who got a d who m Duke of Alencon; 3. Catherine; 4. Isabelle; * 1378; † 1378; |
| 019 | 1368 | 1380-1422 |
Charles VI the Mad = Charles the Well-beloved = Charles l'Insensé = Charles VI le bien Aimé; s(018); * 3/12 1368; † 21/10 1422; King from 16/9 1380; crowned 25/10 1380 at Rheims; insane 1392; Isabella of Bavaria = Isabeaude Bavière; m 17/7 1385; children: 1. Charles VII; 020; * 1403; he was child no. 11 of the king; dauphin from 1417, when his elder brother died; 2. Catherine of Valois; m Henry V of England; 3. Isabella of Valois; m Richard II of England; and nine more children; From 1392 Charles had 44 periods of insanity. They lasted from 3 to 8 months each with 3-5 months' intervals for the rest of his life. |
| 020 | 1403 | 1422-1461 |
Charles VII the Wellserved = Charles le Victorieux;
s(019); * 22/2 1403; † 22/7 1461; King 21/10 or 28/10 1422; crowned Rheims 17/7 1429; Mary of Anjou; * 1404; † 1463; betrothed 1413; d Louis II of Anjou and Yoland of Aragon; children : 1. Louis XI; (021); 2. Charles de France, Duc de Berry; † 1478; 3. Yolande; † 1478; regent of Savoy; m Amadeus IX of Savoy -1472; 4. Catharine; † 1446; m Charles the Bold of Burgundy -1477; 5. Madeleine = Magdalena; * 01/12 1443; † 21/01 1486; engaged to Ladislaus the Posthumous who died 23/11 1457; m 1461 Gaston de Foix, Prince of Viana; †1470; they got: a) Francis Phoebus I, King of Navarre; * 1466; † 1483; b) Catherine I, Queen of Navarre; * 1470; † 1518; Agnès Sorel; mistress; † 1450; Antoinette de Maignelay; mistress; Joan of Arc was condemned 1456; |
| 021 | 1423 | 1461-1483 |
Louis XI; s(020); * 03/07 1423; † 30/08 1483; King from 22/07 1461; the king annexed Anjou, inherits Maine and Provence. Margaret of Scotland; d James I of Scotland; m(1) 1436; † 1445; no children ; Charlotte of Savoy; d Duke Louis of Savoy; m(2) 1445 c. children : 1. Anne de Beaujeu; m Pierre de Bourbon, seigeur de Beauheu; she acts as regent for her little brother 2. Charles (022); The vassals and nobility were unsatified with Louis IX and formed several alliances against him, including the League of the Public Weal. The most important opponents were: Duke Jean II of Bourbon; Duke Francis II of Brittany; Duke Charles the Bold of Burgundy; duke from 1467 after his father Philip III the Good died; Charles was killed in battle 05/01 1477; m Margaret of York; sister to Edward IV of England; Children: Mary, Mary was m Archduke Maximilian of Austria, later Maximilian I of Germany; Prince Charles de France = Duc de Berry; Duke John II of Aragon; |
| 022 | 1470 | 1483-1498 |
Charles VIII; s(021); * 30/06 1470; † 07/04 1498; King 30/08 1483; Charles was planned to m Margaret of Austria, the d Mary and Maximilian - see under (021); by the marriage Burgundy, Picardy, Boulonnais, Artois and Franche-Comté would come under the French crown; the plan failed. Anne of Brittany; m 1491; when widowed after Charles, she m Louis XII (023); children: 1. Charles-Orland of France, dauphin of Viennois; 1492-1495; 2. Charles of France, dauphin of Viennois; 1496-1496; 3. Frabcois of France, dauphin of Viennois; 1497-1498;; 4. Anne of France; 1498-1498; By marriage the king gets Brittany under the French crown. |
| 023 | 1462 | 1498-1515 |
Louis XII = Père du Peuple; Duke of Orleans until king; the first and only king of the Valois-Orleans line ggs 018; * 27/6 1462; † 1/1 1515; ‡ Saint-Denis; King from 7/4 1498; Jeanne of France, m(1); d King Louis XI; m annulled 1498; no children; Anne of Brittany; m(2); widow of Charles VIII, m 1499; child : 1. Claude of France; m Francis I (024); |
| 024 | 1494 | 1515-1547 |
Francis I = Francois = Francis of Angoulême; gggs(018); son-in-law of (023); † 31/03 1547; ‡ Saint-Denis. King from 1/1 1515; Claude of France, Duchess of Brittany; m(1) 18/05 1514; d Louis XII (023); She was the king's second cousin; children : 1. Louise; * 19/08 1515; † 21/09 1517; 2. Charlotte; * 23/10 1516; † 18/09 1524; 3. Francis; * 28/02 1518; † 10/08 1536, poisoned; 4. Henry II (025); * 31/03 1519; † 10/07 1559; 5. Madeleine; * 10/08 1520; † 07/07 1537; died of TB; m King James V of Scotland; no children; 6. Charles, Duke of Orleans; * 22/01 1522; † 09/09 1545; died of the plague; 7. Margaret, Duchess of Berry; * 05/06 1523; † 15/09 1574; m Duke Emanuel Philibert of Savoy; Eleanor of Austria; * 15/11 or 24/11 1498; m(2) 07/08 1530; † 18/02 1558; d Philip I of Spain; Her m(1) was to Manuel I of Portugal (015); no children ; Mistress Anne de Pisseleu, Duchesse d'Etampes; * 1508; † 1580; War with Spain because of Charles V inherits Spanish possessions. |
| 025 | 1519 | 1547-1559 |
Henry II; s(024); * 31/3 1519; † 10/7 1559; Henry died of wound sustained in a tournament; ‡ Saint-Denis. Duke of Orleans until king from 31/3 1547; Catherine de Medici; betrothal 12/10 1533; † 1589; grand-niece of pope Clement VII, 1523-1534. Children: 1. Francis II; (026); 2. Charles IX; (027); 3. Henry III; (028); Duke of Anjou until king; 4. Francois Duke of d'Alencon and Anjou; 5. Elizabeth; * 1545; † 1568; m 1560 Philip II of Spain; 6. Margaret; m(1) Emmanuel Philibert of Savoy; m(2) 1572 Henry of Navarre; divorced 1599; 7. Claude; * 1547; † 1575; m 1559 Duke Charles II/III the Great of Lorraine, 1543-1608; Catherine Claude; wife or mistress?; Child: 8. Diane de France; (mother unknown to me for the present); was legitimatized; Mistress Diane de Poitiers; War against Charles V of Germany; |
| 026 | 1544 | 1559-1560 |
Francis II; s(025); * 19/01 1544; † 05/12 1560; King from 10/07 1559; Mary Stuart; Queen of Scots; * 08/12 1542; m 24/04 1558; † 08/02 1587; Executed Fotheringhay, Northampton; ‡ Peterborough & later Westminster Abbey; |
| 027 | 1550 | 1560-1574 |
Charles IX; s(025); * 27/6 1550; &3134; 30/5 1574; Duke of Orleans until king from 5/12 1560, he was then 10 years old, mother regent; Elizabeth of Austria; * 1554; m 1570; † 1592; d Maximilian II no children by the queen : Mistress Marie Touchet; child : 1. Charles; Duke of Angoulême; The king is remembered for St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre 14/08 1572 which haunted him later in life. |
| 028 | 1551 | 1574-1589 |
Henry III; Duke of Anjou until king; s(025); * 19/9 1551; † 2/8 1589; Elected King of Poland 00/05 1573, but backed out in 1574, when his brother died to take up the French crown; King of France from 30/05 1574, crowned Rheims 13/02 1575; The king was assassinated by the monk Jacques Clément; Louise de Vaudémont of Lorraine; * 1553; m 15/2 1575; † 1601; d Duke Nicholas of Lorraine-Mercoeur; no children; The following monarchs are of the Bourbon and Bonaparte line from 1589 to 1870 |
| 029 | 1553 | 1589-1610 |
Henry IV; Prince de Béarn, Henry of Navarre / Bourbon * 13/12 1553; † 14/5 1610; assassinated by Francois Ravaillac. King from 2/8 1589, crowned at Chartres 27/2 1594; Descendant of Louis IX; Henry's father was Duke Antoine de Bourbon of Vendôm; his mother was Queen Jeanne d'Albret of Navarre; After his dead often named »Henry the Great«. Marguerite de Valois; * 1533; m(1) 18/8 1572; † 1615; by the marriage Henry became King of Navarre as the queen mother had died 9/6 1572; m annulled by the pope 1599; child : 1. Louis XIII; (030); Mistress Comtesse Corisande d'Andouins de Guiche, a widow, young and beautiful; Mistress Gabrielle d'Estrées; † died in childbirth 10/4 1599; children : 2. César; agreement on m Francoise de Lorraine; 3. Daughter; * 13/4 1598; Mistress Henriette d'Entrangues; later given the title Marquise de Verneuil; Mistress Charlotte de Montmorency; aged 15 when the king, then 55, fell in love; the king got her m to Condé Henri II, the king's cousin, whose interest was all male; Marie de Medicis; m(2) 10/1600; children : 4. Louis XIII; * 27/9 1601; 5. Henrietta Maria; m Charles I of England; 6. Elisabetta; m Philip IV of Spain; 7. Gaston; Duke of Orleans; 8. One more child; Mistress Jacqueline de Bueil; Mistress Charlotte des Essarts; All the mistresses bore him a profound selection of children. War of religion ended 1598. Edict of Nantes gave Protestant freedom of worship. The king supported Samuel de Champlain's exploration voyage to Canada. |
| 030 | 1601 | 1610-1643 |
Louis XIII; Louis the Just = Louis le Juste; s(029); * 27/9 1601; † 14/5 1643 of tuberculosis; King from 14/5 1610; mother regent to 1614 + 3 years; Chief minister was Cardinal de Richelieu; Anne of Austria; * 1601; m 11/1615; † 1666; d King Philip III of Spain; children : 1. Louis XIV; * 9/1638; (031); 2. Philippe, Duc d'Orlean (230); * 1640; † 1701; Fall of La Rochelle October 1628. Thirty Years' War 1618-1648. France entered the war in 1635. |
| 230 | 1640 | - |
Philippe, Duc d'Orleans = Philippe I of Orléans = Monsieur; s(030); * 1640; † 1701; Henrietta of England; m(1) * 1644; † 1670; children : 1. Philippe Charles d'Orleans; † infant 1666; 2. Marie Louise; * 1662; † 1680; m Charles II of Spain; 3. Anne Marie (231); * 1669; † 1728; m Victor Amadeus of Savoy; Charlotte Elisabeth of Bavaria = Elisabeth Charlotte of Orléans = Liselotte, born Princess Palatine / Pfalzgräfin bei Rhein = Madame; * 27/05 1652; m(2) 1671; † 08/12 1722; d. Charles Louis, Count Palatine and Charlotte of Hesse-Kassel. Brought up by her aunt, Duchess Sophie of Braunschweig-Lüneburg. children : 4. Alexandre Louis; died 4 years old; 5. Philippe II d'Orleans = The Regent (232); * 1674; † 1723; 6. Elisabeth Charlotte; * 1676; † 1744; m Leopold Joseph Charles duc de Lorraine; |
| 031 | 1638 | 1643-1715 |
Louis XIV = Louis the Great = Louis le Roi Soleil; s 030; * 5/9 1638; † 1/9 1715; ‡ Saint-Denis; King from 14/5 1643, his mother regent to 1661. Marie-Thérèse of Austria; * 20/9 1638; † 30/7 1683; m(1) 1660; d King Philip IV of Spain; children : 1. Louis, the Grand Dauphin (131); * 1/11 1661; † 14/4 1711; Mistress Mme Louise de la Vallière; in favour to 1667; * 1644; † 1710; Children legitimated: 2. Louis, comte de Vermandois; 1667-1683; 3. Marie Anne de Bourbon; 1666-1739; m Louis Armand, prince de Conti; -- further three infants illegitimate; Mistress Marquise de Montespan; in favour 1667-1680; * 1641; † 1707; Children legitimated ; 4. Louis Auguste, Duc du Maine; * 1670; † 1736; m Louise Bénédicte; d Louis III de Condé; they got: a) Louis Auguste, Prince de Dombes, 1700-1755; b) Louis Charles, Comte d'Eu; 1712-1775; 5. Louis César; * 1672; † 1683; 6. Louis Alexandre, Comte de Toulouse; * 1678; † 1737; m Marie de Noailles; 7. Louise Francoise = Madame la Duchesse; * 1673; † 1743; m Louis III de Condé; 8. Louise Marie; * 1676; † 1681; 9. Francoise Marie; * 1677; † 1749; m Philippe II d'Orleans (232) Mistress Mme de Maitenon; * 1635; † 1719; in favour from c.1680; secretly m(2) to the king in 1683; Treaty of Westphalia ended Thirty Years' War in 1648. Revocation in 1685 of the Edict of Nantes from 1598. War of the League of Augsburg 1688-1697. War of Spanish Succession 1701-1713, when Philip V, gs Louis XIV, became king in Spain. |
| 131 | 1661 | - |
Louis the Grand Dauphin s(031); * 1/11 1661; † 14/4 1711; Marie Anne Christine Victoire of Bavaria; m(1); children : 1. Marie-Anne de France; * 16/11 1664; † 26/12 1664; 2. Marie-Therese de France; * 2/1 1667; † 1/3 1672; 3. Philippe-Charles de France; * 5/8 1668; † 10/7 1671; 4. Louis-Francois de France; * 14/6 1672; † 4/11 1672: 5. Louis duc de Bourgogne; * 16/8 1682; † 18/2 1712; m 7/12 1697 Marie-Adelaide of Savoy (231-1); * 1683 or 1685; † 24/2 1712; d of Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia and his first wife Anne Marie of Orléans; they got: a) Duke Louis of Brittany; * 1704; † 1705; b) Duke Louis of Brittany; *1707; † 1712; c) Louis; * 1710; † 1774; Duc d'Anjou; later King Louis XV (032); 6. Philippe d'Anjou; * 1683; † 1745; later King Philip V of Spain; m(1) Marie Louise of Savoy; m(2) Elisabeth of Parma; 7. Charles duc de Berri; 1686-1714; m Louise Adelaide; 1698-1743; d Philippe II d'Orleans (232); Mlle de Choin; no children ; |
| 231 | 1669 | - |
Anne Marie; d(230); * 1669; † 1728; Victor Amadeus of Savoy; child : 1. Marie-Adelaide of Savoy; * 1683 or 1685; † 24/2 1712; m Duke Louis of Bourgogne (131-5), 1682-1712; they got: a) Duke Louis of Brittany; * 1704; † 1705; b) Duke Louis of Brittany; *1707; † 1712; c) Louis; * 1710; † 1774; Duc d'Anjou; later King Louis XV (032); |
| 232 | 1674 | - |
Philippe II d'Orleans = The Regent; s(230); * 1674; † 1723; Francoise Marie; * 1677; † 1749; d Louis XIV + Marquise de Montespan and legitimated (031-9); children : 1. Louis, duc d'Orleans; * 1702; † 1732; m Auguste-Marie, Princess de Bade; 2. Marie Louise; * 1695; † 1719; 3. Louise Adelaide; * 1698; † 1743; m Charles duc de Berri (131-7); 4. Charlotte Aglaé; * 1700; † 1761; m duc de Modene; 5. Louise Elisabeth; * 11/12 1709; † 16/6 1742 or 1750; m 20/1 1722 or 1723; m Louis I of Spain (Sp. 032), s Philip V; 6. Philippe Elisabeth; * 1714; † 1734; m don Carlos, s Philip V; 7. Louise Diane; * 1716; † 1736; m Louis Francois, Prince de Conti; |
| 032 | 1710 | 1715-1774 |
Louis XV = Louis le Bien-Aimé; ggs(031); s Duke Louis de Bourgogne and Marie-Adelaide of Savoy; * 15/2 1710; † 10/5 1774; parents and sole brother all died 1712; King from 1/9 1715; Duke Philip II of Orléans became regent to 1723, the duke died the same year. The king was betrothed in 1721 to Mariana, d King Philip V of Spain; the marriage never took place; Marie Leszczynska; d King Stanislaw I of Poland; children : 1. Marie Louise, 1727-1759; m Duke Filippo of Parma & Piacenza, 1720-1766; 2. Adelaide, 1732-1800; 3. Louis; Dauphin; Duc de Berry; * 1729; † 1765; m(1) 1744 Maria Theresa of Spain (Sp. 031-9); * 1726; † 1746; m(2) 1747 Maria Josepha of Saxony; * 4/11 1731; † 13/03 1767 Versailles; d Augustus III of Saxony, * 17/10 1696; † 5/10 1763; Louis and Maria got: a) Louis XVI (033); b) Louis-Stanislas-Xavier, Count of Provence; * 17/11 1755; † 16/9 1824; became Louis XVIII (035); c) Elizabeth; † 1794; d) Charles X; * 1757; † 1836, (036); Mistress Pauline de Mailly-Nesle - Marquise de Vintmille; in favour 1739-1741; Mistress Jeanne-Antoinette Poisson - Marquise de Pompadour; in favour 1745-1764; † 1764; War of the Polish Succession 1733-1735. War of the Austrian Succession 1741-1748. Seven Years' War 1756-1763. |
| 033 | 1754 | 1774-1792 |
Louis XVI = Louis Capet; gs(032); * 23/8 1754; † 21/1 1793; King from 10/5 1774; Marie-Antoinette of Austria; * 1755; † 1793; m 1770; children : 1. Marie-Thérèse-Charlotte; * 20/12 1778; † 19/10 1851; m Louis d'Angoulême, 1775-1844; 2. Louis-Joseph-Xavier-Francois; * 20/12 1781; † 4/6 1789; 3. Louis-Charles XVII; * 27/3 1785; † 8/6 1795; 4. Sophie-Beatrix; * 9/7 1786; † 19/6 1787; |
| 034 | ? | 1804-1814 |
Napoleon I Bonaparte; † 05/05 1821; Emperor from 18/05 1804 to 1814 and in 1815; Crowned Notre Dame 02/12 1804; Jospehine Beauharnais, * 1764; m(1) 1796 (her m(2)); divorced 1809; Josephine's children : 1. Eugéne, adopted by Napoleon; 2. Hortense, adopted by Napoleon; m Louis, Napoleon's brother; Josephine's cousin Stéphanie, adopted by Napoleon; Marie-Louise = Maria Ludovica Leopoldina Franziska Therese Josepha Lucia von Habsburg-Lothringen; * 12/12 1791; m(2) March 1810; † 17/12 1847; d of Austrian emperor Francis I; child : 1. Napoleon Francis Joseph Charles; * 1811; † 1832; in Vienna; Napoleon's family got posts as kings, regents, viceroys etc.: Josef, Napoleon's stepbrother King of Naples from 1806; Josef, Napoleon's stepbrother King of Spain from 1808; Louis, Napoleon's stepbrother King of Holland from 1806; m Hortense Beauharnais, d. of the Empress; Eugéne Beauharnais, s of the Empress, Viceroy of Italy from 1805; Duke of Leuchtenberg after m Princess Augusta; Jérôme, Napoleon's brother, King of Westphalia from 1807; Joachim Murat, King of Naples from 1808; m Caroline, the Emperor's sister. |
| 035 | 1755-1824 | 1814-1824 |
Louis XVIII; gs(032); s Louis Dauphin under (032); † 16/9 1824; King from 31/3 1814; Louise de Sardaigne; no children. |
| 036 | 1757-1836 | 1824-1830 |
Charles X = Comte d'Artois; gs(032); † 6/11 1836; King from 16/9 1824, abdicated 2/8 1830; Marie Therese, d Duke Charles of Berry, 1778-1821; |
| 037 | 1773-1850 | 1830-1848 |
Louis-Philipe; Duc d'Orleans; Descendant of Louis XIII; † 26/8 1850. King of the French from 9/8 1830, abdicated 24/2 1848; Uprising in Paris and fall of the king 24/2 1848; Maria Amelia Teresa; * 26/4 1782; † 24/3 1866;; d Ferdinand I (Nap. N38); children : 1. Louise-Marie; m Leopold I of Belgium; 2. Francis of Joinville; m 1843 Frances Caroline of Portugal, d King Peter IV of Portugal; |
| 038 | ? | 1852-1870 |
Napoleon III; with title of emperor from 2/12 1852; bs 034. 1854 Crimean War, France and England allies. 1870 War with Preussen, battle at Froeschwiller and Saint-Privat, France capitulates in Sedan; 04/09 1870 Napoleon is removed from office; 27/10 1870 France capitulates at Metz. The Third Republic is formed; different dates 1870-1875. |
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